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Improving the quality of water and soil through environmental methods and using the potential of plants to eliminate environmental contamination is very important. The Azolla has the ability to accumulate, degrade or remove metals from the environment, therefore, it is a suitable candidate plant for phytoremediation. In this regard, the present study investigates the accumulation of cadmium in three samples including two species of Azolla pinnata and A. filiculoides and a sample collected from Anzali wetland. For this purpose, cadmium adsorption was measured in three samples after 72 hours of treatment with three concentrations of 10, 50 and 500 μM Cd, by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Mean comparison showed that the highest absorbance of cadmiun at 500 μm was related to A. pinnata (4673.8 mg Kg^-1) followed by A. filiculoides (2747.1 mg Kg^-1) and Azolla collected from Anzali wetland (2309.4 mg Kg^-1). The cadmium absorption rate in all treated samples was significantly different from their control samples. The growth rate of Azolla samples was also decreased in response to elevated concentrations of cadmium. Increasing the expression of metallothionein gene in the samples in response to different levels of cadmium at 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment showed a significant effect of cadmium on the expression of this gene in the Azolla samples. In general, application of cadmium treatment in the three samples showed that this plant has a high potential for absorption of heavy metals and uses for phytoremediation purposes.

 

Keywords: Azolla, Cadmium, Phytoremediation, Metallotionein

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