Abstract: (13 Views)
Yield, a polygenic trait, is considered one of the most important targets in wheat and other crop breeding programs. Identifying genes influencing yield and its components through quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping is an effective strategy for improving this trait. To identify QTLs associated with yield, yield components, and several agronomic traits in wheat, QTL analysis was conducted using a population of F12 recombinant inbred lines. A total of 37 main-effect QTLs were identified across 14 chromosomes, along with three significant QTL × QTL interaction effects detected across six chromosomes using the composite interval mapping (CIM) method. The most important QTL identified for grain yield was located on chromosome 1A and explained 10.1% of the phenotypic variance. The most significant QTLs for the number of grains per spike (QGnu. 1A1) and the number of spikelets per spike (Qspn. 3B) were located on chromosomes 1A and 3B, respectively, accounting for 14.2% and 10.2% of the phenotypic variance of the corresponding traits. The markers gwm357 and gwm635, which were linked to yield-related QTLs in the present study, have also been reported to be associated with several yield components in previous studies. Regarding QTL interaction analysis, the results showed that the QTL identified for grain yield on chromosome 3A (between markers wPt-6422 and wPt-3697) exhibited significant interaction effects with the QTL identified on chromosome 5D (between markers wPt-665903 and wPt-666601). These QTLs and their closely linked markers associated with major-effect QTLs identified in this study may be utilized for yield improvement through marker-assisted selection (MAS) and marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) following validation by approaches such as fine mapping.
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