Screening of bread wheat landraces from foreign-origin germplasm for resistant sources to yellow rust

Zahravi, Mehdi; Afshari, Farzad; Shobbar, Zahra Sadat; Oroojlou, Mahnaz

Volume 20, Issue 2 (1-2026) MGj 2026, 20(2): 0-0 | Back to browse issues page

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Zahravi M, Afshari F, Shobbar Z S, Oroojlou M. Screening of bread wheat landraces from foreign-origin germplasm for resistant sources to yellow rust. MGj 2026; 20 (2) : 6
URL: http://mg.genetics.ir/article-1-1881-en.html

Screening of bread wheat landraces from foreign-origin germplasm for resistant sources to yellow rust

Mehdi Zahravi ^*

, Farzad Afshari

, Zahra Sadat Shobbar

, Mahnaz Oroojlou

Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

Abstract: (158 Views)

Stripe rust is one of the most important diseases of wheat and can cause substantial yield losses. Genetic resistance is the most effective method for controlling this disease; however, due to the frequent emergence of new pathogen races, it is necessary to identify new sources and genes conferring effective resistance. Landraces of wheat, owing to their adaptation to local climatic and soil conditions, often exhibit good resistance to pathogens and can help broaden the narrow genetic base of elite lines. The present study aimed to identify new genetic sources of resistance to stripe rust by evaluating 230 bread wheat accessions from the Iranian National Plant Gene Bank collection, originating from various countries. In the first year, these accessions were assessed for resistance traits—namely infection type, disease severity, and coefficient of infection—under field conditions at the stripe rust nursery in Karaj. The results showed that 43.5% of the accessions exhibited resistant or moderately resistant responses in the field. Accessions that displayed superior resistance responses were further evaluated in the second year under similar field conditions and subsequently in the seedling stage under controlled greenhouse conditions using different pathogen pathotypes. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to classify the genotypes based on their responses to these pathotypes. The analysis revealed that 92.2% of the variation in resistance responses could be explained by the first two principal components. Cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into four distinct clusters with different resistance characteristics. Additionally, the genotypes exhibited seven distinct resistance response patterns against the pathotypes. Based on the virulence profiles of the pathotypes, the presence of one or a combination of the resistance genes Yr1, Yr4, Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, Yr24, YrSP, and YrSU was postulated in genotypes KC8592, KC8694, KC8893, KC8894, KC8899, and KC8900, while the presence of Yr8 and Yr27 was likely in genotypes KC8593.2 and KC8685. In addition, a large number of genotypes, including KC8686, KC8690, and KC8698, were identified as potentially possessing adult plant resistance. Overall, the findings revealed a wide range of genetic diversity for stripe rust resistance, and the identified resistant genotypes can be used in breeding programs aimed at improving stripe rust resistance.

Article number: 6

Keywords: Germplasm, genetic resources, gene bank, stripe rust, resistance

Full-Text [PDF 1098 kb] (80 Downloads)

Type of Study: Applicable | Subject: Subject 01
Received: 2025/05/5 | Accepted: 2026/02/1 | Published: 2026/02/3