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Capoeta is one of the most important genera of the Cyprinidae because of its diversity and range of distribution with at least 36 valid species in the Middle East. Most species of this genus are morphologically similar to each other, and mixed or intermediate populations of them can be seen in many places. It is difficult for researchers to identify them. Although relatively extensive studies have been performed on members of this genus, the main purpose of these studies was to investigate a complex or description of members of this genus. In this regard, Capoeta Cytb gene sequences were extracted from the NCBI. After modifying and aligning the sequences, the best evolutionary model for the dataset was selected by ModelFinder and the phylogenetic tree was drawn with IQTREE. According to the results, the presence of 19 valid species of this genus, belong to three main clades of Iran-Anatolia, Aralo-Caspian and Mesopotamia, was confirmed. Also, the presence of C. razii were confirmed in the Tigris Basin and C. birunii regards as C. coadi synonym. In addition, presence of C. sevangi in Iran was not confirmed.

Keywords: Algae scraper, phylogeny, Morphological complex, Iran

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